Newtonian mechanics is built on the foundation of Newton’s three laws of motion (cause and effect)
Which state:
1. An object will remain at rest or in uniform motion in a straight line unless acted upon by an external force. Because inertia is the property of a body to resist any change in its state of rest or uniform motion, this law is also known as the law of inertia. In this sense, the mass of a body is a measure of its inertia and is called the inertial mass of the body.
2. If a net force acts on an object, it will cause an acceleration of that object. The relationship between an object’s mass m, its acceleration a and the applied force F is given by the vector equation
F = ma
3. When one object exerts a force on another object, the second object exerts an equal force in the opposite direction on the first object. Said another way, that for every action there is an equal and opposite reaction, hence the alternative name for this law as the action-reaction law.
Commensurately:
Buddhist philosophy is built on the foundation of cause and effect (Tibetan: rgyu ‘bras; Sanskrit: hetuphala) the primary features of this law being:
1. Nothing evolves uncaused
2. Any entity which itself lacks a process of change cannot cause any other event
3. Only causes which possess natures that accord with specific effects can lead to those effects
“It is mind itself that sets in place the myriad array of beings in the world, and the world that contains them…living beings all arise from karma, and so without mind, there could be no karma.”
Madhyamakāvatarā, VI: 89
Bibliography: A Most Incomprehensible Thing: Notes Towards a Very Gentle Introduction to the Mathematics of Relativity by Peter Collier The Handbook of Tibetan Culture, 1993. Compiled by Graham Coleman